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Norwegian Jazz 101b: JazzNorway in a Nutshell 2010
ByNorway may be a country that, more than most, aims to expose people from around the world to its culture through annual events like JazzNorway in a Nutshell, but as rich an experience as attending that junket is, returning to it on a regular basis is an experience that transcends the mere opportunity to soak in some of the country's music, scenery and cuisine. The 2010 editionlike JNiaN 2009, focusing on Bergen's Nattjazz festivalbrought together 35 people from countries including Canada, the United States, England, Italy, Japan, Estonia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Austria, China and Germany, ranging from festival programmers and jazz advocacy organizations to musicians and journalists. Some met for the first time, while others were reunited following shared experiences at JNiaN 2009 and other Norwegian festivals, including Molde 2009 and Punkt 2009. When JNiaN 2010 was over, a network of people interested in Norway's vibrant music scene had, once again, grown even larger, even stronger.

More than just the music, and beyond the fantastic opportunity to gain exposure to Norway's distinctive culture, JNiaN is an event where old friends catch up and new friendships are forged. JNiaN 2010 may have lasted just four days, but its organizersLars Mossefin, Bo Gr?nnings?ter and Brit Aksnespacked a tremendous amount into that brief timeframe. Sleep was hard to come by, to be sure, with the days nearly as event-filled as the nights, but there was a palpable energy and camaraderie that continued to build with each passing day. Attending a festival like Nattjazz would have been exceptional on its own, but combining it with JNiaNand experienced alongside a group of warm, talented and knowledgeable people from around the worldmade these few days, from May 26-29, 2010, even richera shared learning experience that went far beyond that of any of JNiaN's individual performances or programmed activities.
With a population of approximately 200,000, the city of Bergen, situated along the country's west coast, is Norway's second largest city, next only to its capital, Oslo. With water visible from nearly every location, and in the center of a group of mountains known as de syv fjell (The Seven Mountains), Bergen's architecture manages to seamlessly marry the centuries-old with the utterly contemporary. Steep hills make walking Bergen inherently healthy, and visiting it in late May, when it's still only twilight at midnight, is a surprisingly energizing experience. It's hard to imagine the winters, when things reverse and daylight can be as short as six hours, but leaving a show at 11:00PM and seeing light skies makes it somehow easier to live with the minimal sleep allowed by JNiaN's hectic schedule.
Chapter Index
- May 26, 2010: Arrival, Introductions and The Key Club
- May 26, 2010: Gunhild Seim and Time Jungle
- May 26, 2010: Mathias Eick Quintet
- May 27, 2010: Mount Ulriken and 1982 Trio
- May 27, 2010: Fr?y Aagre
- May 27, 2010: Maria Kannegaard
- May 27, 2010: Element: Special Edition
- May 28, 2010: Making Sausages in Bergsdalstunet/Mari Kvien Brunvoll
- May 28, 2010: Motif
- May 28, 2010: Stian Westerhus
- May 28, 2010: Eivind Aarset Sonic Codex
- May 29, 2010: Cornelius p? Holmen/JNiaN 2010 Draws to a Close
May 26, 2010: Arrival, Introductions and The Key Club
Most of JNiaN 2010's attendees arrived throughout the day on May 26, and so the first event took place at 7:00PM that evening, in a room at USF Verftet, a large building that, with a number of performance spaces (in addition to offices, a restaurant and more), hosts the annual Nattjazz festival, the 2010 edition running from May 26 to June 5, 2010. Festival-goers purchase either day or complete festival passes. Either way, it's possible to attend any or all of the performances on a given day (six or seven shows), providing an opportunity to either focus on individual shows or get a taste of everything taking place.
First-timers to JNiaN were met with their first hurdlea tremendously steep hill situated between the hotel and USF Verftet that gave everyone an early cardio workout. But it was well worth it, as JNiaN attendees got their first chance to meet up with old friends and become introduced to new ones at a brief ceremony where Lars Mossefin introduced the JNiaN staff and representatives from organizations including the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Music Export Norway, Kalleklev Management and Musikkprofilall of whom would prove to be incredibly valuable resources throughout the four daysalong with Jon Skjerdal, Nattjazz's Festival Director. Amidst drinks and acquiring festival accreditation, JNiaN attendees introduced themselves, and it became instantly clear just how far and wide the organizers of JNiaN set their sights, with journalists and other media representatives from Canada, Italy, England, Germany and Japan, and festival programmers/directors from international festivals including Estonia's Jazzkaar, Germany's Moers, the Tokyo Jazz Festival, England's Cheltenham and Birmingham festivals, Parma Jazzfestival from Italy and Austria's Salzburg festival.

After a quick chance to grab dinner at Kippers, the indoor/outdoor restaurant at USF Verftet, it was off to the first evening of Nattjazzbut not before also checking out The Key Club, a room set up each year for JNiaN attendees, where drinks were plentiful, conversation even more so, and, in addition to providing everyone with a warm JNiaN jacket, a table was filled with promotional CDs for the taking. Even those who attend JNiaN regularly and believe they have heard all there is to hear from the Norwegian scene were in for a humbling experience, going home with thirty or more albums they've not heard, ranging from promotional samplers to commercial releases...even a couple of DVDs.
It was time, then, to head off to the first show of the night.
May 26, 2010: Gunhild Seim and Time Jungle
Amidst a country of trumpeters like

Nils Petter Molvaer
trumpetb.1960

Arve Henriksen
trumpetb.1968

Dave Douglas
trumpetb.1963

John Zorn
saxophone, altob.1953

Ornette Coleman
saxophone, alto1930 - 2015

But in her setopening Nattjazz's festivities in the intimate Studio USFSeim also demonstrated a greater compositional focus than any of her antecedents. Her writing sometimes provided only the barest of roadmaps, to create a context for collective free play by a superb quartet that also featured alto saxophonist Arild Hoemnew to the group, and replacing American saxophonist/clarinetist

Andrew D'Angelo
saxophone, altoThe set began with a folk-tinged rubato piece that gradually gained rhythmic footing and emerged as "On My Doorstep," an irregular-metered but still relatively simple I-IV-V tune that, as Lilja gradually found his way to a defined pulse, bolstered an opening solo by Seim, demonstrative of her plangent tone and considered approach to building solos from the ground up. While her tone was, indeed, more conventionally trumpet-like than that of Henriksen or Molv?r, she has forged a number of her own extended techniques, including a multiphonic prowess that, much like fellow Norwegian and saxophonist

Hakon Kornstad
saxophoneb.1977
As on Morpho, "Captain Cook" began with a duet between Seim and Sagland on marimba, engaging in some subdued but nevertheless deep interplay that, with Sagland's shimmering tremolos, was reminiscent of the title track to German bassist

Eberhard Weber
bassb.1940
Lilja was especially noteworthyas lithe and flexible as the music demanded; at times she was a firm anchor, but elsewhere a contrapuntal arco partner with Seim. All told, Seim and Time Jungle capitalized on the strengths of Morpho, but took the music to another level with a careful sense of free play, in concert with the trumpeter's carefully constructed writing.
May 26, 2010: Matthias Eick Quintet
When trumpeter Mathias Eick performed at Mai Jazz in Stavanger, Norway, at the 2008 edition of JNiaN, the young trumpeter expanded significantly on his superb debut as a leader, The Door (ECM, 2008). The disc demonstrated many of the qualities with which international fans were becoming familiarin particular Eick's economic, rich-toned and deeply melodic approachon Finnish pianist/harpist Iro Haarla's outstanding Northbound (ECM, 2006) and Norwegian guitarist

Jacob Young
guitarb.1970

Jon Balke
pianob.1955

Andreas Ulvo
pianob.1983

Froy Aagre
saxophone, sopranob.1977
One of the most impressive aspects of the Norwegian festival scene is commission opportunities for many of its musicians. Guitarist

Terje Rypdal
guitarb.1947

Eivind Aarset
guitar
Helge Lien
pianoWhat many international fans of Eick's work on ECM don't know is that he's been a busy session player. He had recorded well over 50 albums when last spoken to in 2008, so who knows what the number is by now? He's also a longtime member of

Jaga Jazzist
band / ensemble / orchestra
Ulvo, augmenting grand piano with a gritty Fender Rhodes and synthesizer, drove the energy level even higher, taking every solo opportunity and turning it into a virtuosic narrative that never lost sight of the music. Clearly for Ulvo (and, for that matter, the rest of the group), the demands of the music came first, and as much as Eick's writing and arranging often evolved toward increasingly powerful, groove-driven spacesa clear demonstration that even shifting bar lines can't stop the music from being danceableit was never about "look at me" pyrotechnics, a quality that, paradoxically, only made him a more charismatic player. Capable of rapid cascades and seemingly endless ascensions, Ulvo also kept the core of Eick's oftentimes ambiguous harmonies grounded with repetitive, near-hypnotic patterns.
At 43, Erlien remains a sideman with no albums to his name. He's something of a rarity amongst the bassists who have recorded for ECM in that his instrument is solely of the electric variety. While he locked in with the two drummers consistentlyat times possessing an equally thunderous tonehe was also a contrapuntal partner for Eick, muting his strings to create a deep but percussive tone that rose above the strong rhythmic foundation provided by Nilssen and Dahlen, the two drummers locking, at times, into forceful synchronicity. Dahlen, in addition to some marvelous in-synch drumming with Nilssen, also brought his own unique texture to the set when he became a melodic foil for Eick on a bowed saw.
As electric as Eick's group was, transforming the reflective "Williamsburg" into a thing of great power, the trumpeter's tone was all about embouchurea combination of tart orthodoxy, the melancholy lyricism of

Kenny Wheeler
flugelhorn1930 - 2014
Eick's performance was just one more example of how a musician can drink deeply of the traditionhaving spent many of his growing up years buried in the music of

Miles Davis
trumpet1926 - 1991

Clifford Brown
trumpetb.1930
May 27, 2010: Mount Ulriken and 1982 Trio
The 2009 edition of JNiaN took attendees to the top of Mount Fl?yen for music and lunch, courtesy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. For 2010, the Ministry, in cooperation with the Bergen International Festival, took everyone to the top of Mount Ulriken by cable car, where an incredible panoramic view of Bergen and the surrounding area was made even more stunning by the cool but clear weather. Bergen's weather is unpredictableone moment it can be raining, the next, bright and sunnywith a running gag of, "if you don't like the weather, wait for five minutes." While JNiaN 2010 was occasionally marred briefly by rain, for the most part, the weather cooperated, and the noontime performance by 1982a trio featuring pump organist Sigbj?rn Apeland, drummer ?vind Skarb? and violinist Nils ?klandwas made all the more enjoyable by a light breeze that was blowing towards the audience, making it possible to hear the subtlest of musical interactions.

1982 released its self-titled debut in 2009, a vinyl-only release from NORCD. The big draw is ?kland who, for this performance, focused on two string instruments with sympathetic resonating stringsthe Hardanger fiddle and viola d'amore. ?kland has released a number of fine albums on both Rune Grammofon (2005's group album Bris) and ECM (2009's understated Monograph), and his music is steeped in the Norwegian folk tradition. But what makes ?kland a can't-miss performer, beyond his thorough instrumental command, is an innate ability to draw in his audience with playing sometimes so quiet, so delicate, that it feels as if he's whispering on his strings rather than bowing them. While it might seem that a solo performance (such as the one he gave to JNiaN attendees in 2009 at the Cornelius p? Holmen restaurant) would be the ideal setting, his performance with 1982 was, in fact, far more revealing.
With no amplification, it was remarkable enough that the trio could be heard with a natural mix that seemed to defy its surroundings, but when 1982 dropped the dynamics down to near-silence, the ability to hear the slightest scrape of bow on string, the softest repetitive pattern on pump organ or the subtlest scrape of stick on cymbal, made it one of JNiaN 2010's early highlights. This was completely improvised music, and yet it possessed a surprisingly discernible arc across its approximately 20-minute duration. More akin to contemporary chamber music, albeit with an unconventional mix of instruments, it began in darker territory, with Apeland creating gentle but persistent waves of sound. ?kland wove both melody and texture in tandem with Skarb?, whose unfettered playing on an array of small hand percussion, unusual sticks and a small drum kitincluding only snare and bass drums, a high hat and two cymbalswas surprisingly diverse.

Ten minutes into the trio's captivating performance, Skarb? suddenly stopped playing, calling out: "OK, who wants to book our trio. Nobody? OK, it's time we changed our strategy," at which point the music turned more expressionistic, with Skarb?, in particular, ratcheting up the performance with a humorous approach not unlike Amsterdam legend

Han Bennink
drumsb.1942
After lunch, some took the cable car back to town, while a few intrepid folks made the long walk down the mountain to Bergen.
May 27, 2010: Fr?y Aagre
While Nattjazz is the musical focal point of the JNiaN trip, its organizers also worked had to ensure that every activity has some musical connection. Before everyone headed off to a second night of Nattjazz, there was a meet-and-greet with saxophonist Fr?y Aagre, whose recently released Cycle of Silence (ACT, 2010) has been met with critical praise and popular acceptance. While the CD features her current quartet, also including bassist Audun Ellingsen and drummer Freddy Wike, for her early evening performancecatered with food and drinksAagre trimmed things down to a duo, with Andreas Ulvo on Fender Rhodes.


Jan Garbarek
saxophoneb.1947

Dave Liebman
saxophoneb.1946

John Coltrane
saxophone1926 - 1967

Arild Andersen
bass, acousticb.1945

Jon Christensen
drums1943 - 2020
Aagre's sometimes detailed writing made no small challenge of Ulvo's job to cover not just his own parts, but those of absent band mates. As eminently impressive as his performance was the previous night with Mathias Eick, hereas was also true of Aagrethe revealing intimacy of the duo format shone a bright spotlight on each player's instrumental acumen and empathic listening skill. Aagre's playing was largely unaffected by any kind of extended technique, though toward the brief set's end, she occasionally brought up her right leg, resembling British prog rocker Jethro Tull's flautist, Ian Anderson. But rather than being a visual gag, Aagre would place the mouth of her horn against her leg, creating a more muted tone that, like the rest of the show, was all about subtle shifts rather than dramatic gestures. Ulvo created shimmering, minimalist-informed accompaniment and serpentine melodies over Aagre's changes, an intimate and captivating window into his playing that in some ways transcended his work in the larger halls at greater volumes, at least in the opportunity to hear him in effectively a solo context when Aagre sat out.
May 27, 2010: Maria Kannegaard
Since moving to Norway some years ago,

Maria Kannegaard
piano
Not that Kannegaard or her triofeaturing in-demand bassist Ole Morten V?gan and drummer Thomas Str?nenare lacking in the technique department; V?gan, in particulara member of a number of important young Norwegian improvising groups including Motif, pianist H?vard Wiik's trio, and saxophonist Tore Brunborg's trio (responsible for 2009's acclaimed DRAVLE release, Lucid Grey)is a powerful bassist who slaps, pulls and strums his strings with such ferocity that, more often than not, he needs to retune between pieces (and sometimes during, but his ear is so attuned that he manages to do so without being noticed). Visually, he's a player who clearly and quickly enters "the zone" to which so many players aspire, and in the context of Kannegaard's trio, he was often its strongest melodic member, as the pianist used repeated motifs to gradually and inevitably build her pieces to dynamic climaxes that would, only then, move forward into new segments.
Kannagaard's music is often about dissonance, angular harmonies and dense voicings with a near-minimalist pulse and a seemingly tacit avoidance of conventional soloing. Still, while it was well into the set before she took anything resembling a solo (V?gan often led the way and, in the instances where he didn't, Str?nen acted as the trio's other dominant voice), when she did rise above the clear egalitarian sound of the group, she demonstrated an ability to build her own turbulent, forward-and-backward rippling cascades and layered, jagged harmonies. Performing material largely from her most recent release, Camel Walk (Jazzland, 2008), Kannegaard stretched time even further than on the disc, building her dynamics and hypnotic repetition to what might have been a fever pitch, except that the trio's approach was so controlled in its slow, steady development, that what might have been overt melodrama in lesser hands became something more powerful and compelling, despite an almost complete absence of strong melody on which to grab hold.


Bobo Stenson
pianob.1944
May 27, 2010: Element: Special Edition
In a scene that's gaining increasing international attention, there are still players who, for a variety of reasons, haven't been able to make the leap past the confines of their country's borders. Founder of the seminal '90s group Element (originally inspired by John Coltrane's classic quartet), saxophonist Gisle Johansen found himself without a band in the late 1990s when its other memberspianist H?vard Wiik, bassist Ingebrigt H?ker Flaten and drummer Paal Nilssen-Lovemoved off to form the ongoing and successful group Atomic. Johansen has come and gone from the scene, a member of free improvising groups like Crimetime Orchestra and Jazzmob, but he's on the comeback trail again with a reformed Element and a new album. Well, it's not exactly new, but the 2002 recording date features a curiously configured octetaccordionist/flautist/guitarist Stian Carstensen, pianist

Bugge Wesseltoft
pianob.1964

Eivind Opsvik
bassFor his Nattjazz performance at Studio USF, Johansen brought together an almost entirely new group called Element: Special Edition. Only Wiik remained from the original line-up, with Johansen recruiting a line-up of doubles: in addition to acoustic pianist Wiik, Anders Aarum on Fender Rhodes; acoustic bassist Per Zanussi and electric bassist Per Mathisen; and guitarists Vidar Busk and Nils Olav Johansen. Only Johansen and drummer Franklin Kiermayera Canadian expat who lived in New York for many years but recently relocated to Norwayheld down their positions alone, resulting in an octet that resembled that of Transformation to Paradise in its expanded sonics and free flights of imagination, but sounded closer to the dense jungle grooves of Miles Davis' '70s-era electric music.

Two pieces took up the entire set with an emphasis on modality and a combination of maelstrom-like activity and periods of visceral groove. Johansen, feeding his tenor through a variety of effects processors, doubled up his lines with a pitch shifter and ran the gamut from surprisingly spare linearity to expressive screams and stream-of-consciousness wails. Solos were liberally spread among the octet, with Kiermayer, a ferocious player capable of temporal elasticity and densely muscular pulses, the perfect choice for a group that required an ability to work in absolute freedom, but also the ability to work within structural confines. Why this underdog player isn't better known is a mystery, and a real shame.
Mathisenheard recently with drummer Alex Acu?a and keyboardist Jan Gunnar Hoff on Jungle City (Alessa, 2009) and with fellow Norwegian trombonist/composer Helge Sunde's Ensemble Denada on Finding Nymo (ACT, 2009)is a proven double-threat, as frightening on double-bass as he is the electric kind. Here, focusing on an electric bass fed through an array of effects, Mathisen balanced between locking in on the riff-driven second piece and creating more in-the-gut sonics on the extended opener. Zanussi proved an equal force on double-bass, a harder-edged player delivering muscular and, at times, frenetic lines that combined with Mathisen and Kiermayer to create a constantly shifting polyrhythmic undercurrent.
Wiik, whose The Arcades Project (Jazzland, 2007) demonstrated a remarkable, modernistic, line-blurring, form-meets-freedom approach that made it a highlight of the year, was given free reign twice during the set. Both times, the musician delivered solos that were staggering in their complexity, near-light speed ideation and sheer aggression. His playing, then, was a perfect foil for Aarum, whose Rhodes work was more ethereal, providing the kind of contrast necessary to prevent a set this loose from becoming either relentless in intensity or meandering in focus.
It's always exciting to encounter new names, especially when they're as good as guitarists Busk and Nils Olav Johansen. Busk, with a very specific way of using a pitch shifter, wah wah pedal and whammy bar, seemed rooted in

Pete Cosey
guitar1943 - 2012

Mahavishnu Orchestra
band / ensemble / orchestrab.1971
The set did occasionally feel a bit too much like a jam band, but with players far contextually broader than would normally be expected. It's too early to know if Element and Gisle Johansen are back for the long haul this time, but based on his Nattjazz performance, he's clearly at the top of his game. He delivered the goods with a winning combination of fiery intensity and endless invention. There were plenty of laughs going around the stage; if the success of a performance can be measured by how much fun the group is having, then Element's show was very successful, indeed.
May 28, 2010: Making Sausages in Bergsdalstunet/Mari Kvien Brunvoll
While half of the JNiaN attendees went off for some whitewater rafting early on the third morning, May 28, less intrepid jazz lovers were taken on a bus toward Vossthe extreme sport capital of Europe, which was visited as part of JNiaN 2009taking a detour off the beaten path for a day in Bergsdalstunet, a farm located deep in the valleys of Bergsdalen. The trip to the farm was as resonant as the day that followed. Driving on the main, two-lane highway from Bergen to Voss, one of the most striking aspects is a system of 38 tunnels that allow vehicles to drive through the numerous mountains along the wayrather than around or up and down them (which would, in fact, be nearly impossible)in between panoramic views of mountains, waterways, forests and green plains.

Difficult though it may be to believe, heading off the main road towards Bergsdalen presented even more remarkable landscapes. Beautifully cultivated farms like Bergsdalstunet can be found on a single-lane road, where diamonds liberally peppered along the roadway provide the only means for vehicles, coming from opposite directions, to get around one another.
In addition to producing a number of productsmost notably, sausagesthe farm also contained a quaint restaurant where it was possible to sample local cuisine. But while JNiaN attendees were enjoying a snack of pancakes and preserves, the farm's owners and gracious hostsOlaug Fagerbakke and Helge Terje Fossewere getting things ready for the main event: making sausages. It may be a less extreme activity than whitewater rafting, but going through the farm's process of preparing and smoking sausages presented its own challenges. Aproned up and with plenty of gloves to go around, Olaug demonstrated how a small manual hand funnela centuries-old device that hasn't changed much since Roman timesis used to feed the ground meat, seasoned only with salt and pepper (though the debate as to whether white or black pepper remains a heated one), through a tube into the sausage casing (made from animal intestines), and is then tied and cut off.
While the numerous double entendres of making sausages weren't lost on anyone, almost everyone tried their hand at the process. Then it was off the smoking cabin up the road for the final step in the process. There are two approaches to smoking, which contributes the most to a sausage's distinctive flavor: hot or cold. Hot smoking both flavors and cooks the sausages, while cold smoking only flavors the meat. Bergsdalstunet employs cold smoking, and so a small pipe leads underground from the bottom of the small incline on which the smoking cabin was situated so that the hot smoke is cooled before entering the shed. Humbling, in a world steeped in technology, is how accurately the temperature of the smoke can be regulated naturally. The length of time required to smoke the sausages is, however, dependent on the humidity in the airthe greater the humidity, the longer it takes.

Smoking is done twice over the course of two days, and so the sausages made that day would not be ready for eating. Whether or not that was just as well is something JNiaN will never know; but after visiting the smoking cabin, everyone went back to the restaurant for a meal that, in addition to sausage, included smoked salmon taken from a nearby fjord as well as a variety of meats, vegetables and potato, not to mention some mouth-watering rolls, fresh out of a pizza oven imported from Italy. With 15-20 people at two long tables, it was another great opportunity to get to know one another over a warm meal of comfort food.
Running a little late, the rafting contingent finally caught up with the sausage makers, had a bite to eat, and then everyone headed off to a small church up the road for a solo concert by vocalist Mari Kvien Brunvoll. Brunvoll, a singer originally from Molde but now based in Bergen, is yet another young Norwegian musician marrying acoustic instrumentation with electronics. She's not unlike Jarle Bernhoft, whose 2009 solo performance at Punkt was nothing short of a revelation. But whereas Bernhoft uses looping and other devices to create a miniature band for his pop, soul and R&B-oriented material, Brunvoll's songwriting is more left-of-center. Her background in jazz imbues the music to a certain extent, but like so many other Norwegian artists, it's more deeply subsumed and is far from direct.

Brunvoll's song structures defied easy categorization. Sometimes a lush and lyrical tune would dissolve into otherworldly soundscapesat times, ethereal, elsewhere jaggedonly to gradually reemerge. Despite being less technically accomplished (yet) than singers like

Sidsel Endresen
vocalsAs oblique as her music sometimes became, an underlying lyricism, combined with her strong but fragile voice and a uniquely off-kilter approach to the writing, gave Brunvoll a voice all her own. She has yet to release an album, but was a highlight of this year's 12 Points! festival in Stavenger, Norway, and there's little doubt that when she finally does, it will be well worth checking out.

The return trip to Bergen was quieter than the trip out; everyone was tired after a long day that started early in the morning and continued until early evening. And there were still the final evening's performances at Nattjazz.
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