Home » Jazz Articles » Book Review » This Is Bop: Jon Hendricks And The Art Of Vocal Jazz
This Is Bop: Jon Hendricks And The Art Of Vocal Jazz
By
Peter Jones
263 Pages
ISBN: 978 1 78179 874 4
Equinox Publishing
2020
Few are the jazz singers accorded the fanfare usually reserved for the music's great instrumentalists. Jon Hendricks was one, taking scat and vocalese to unprecedented heights. As author Peter Jones recountsin what is the first biography of Hendricksthe singer's life was the stuff of movies. Born in poverty in 1921, Hendrick's story contains scarcely believable drama, personal tragedy, mixed-race marriages at a time when laws forbade such a union in half the US statesa heroin addiction, and artistic triumphs against all the odds.
In a long, frenetic career Hendricks sang with a roll call of jazz greats, while the trio Lambert, Hendricks and Ross paved the way for the likes of The Manhattan Transfer. France bestowed upon Hendricks its highest order of merit, the Légion d'honneur, for both his service during World War II and for his artistic achievements. On the cusp of eighty, Hendricks became Professor of Jazz Studies at the University of Toledo and holds the distinction of being the first African American to lecture at the Sobornne in Paris. All this in spite of being unable to read a note of music. As Jones puts it, "He turned this shortcoming into a virtue."
On the subject of musical literacy, Hendricks was forthright regarding the intellect versus the spirit: "The great operatic arias of Giuseppe Verdi are taken from the folk songs of the Neapolitan fishermen. They can't read. They wouldn't know a note if you put it in a boat...It's the hearing of the music that's the important thing, I think. If you can hear it, you can sing it or play it."
And Hendricks' hearing was acute, singing note for note the horn solos of

Count Basie
piano1904 - 1984

Thelonious Monk
piano1917 - 1982

Miles Davis
trumpet1926 - 1991

Percy Heath
bass, acoustic1923 - 2005

Paul Chambers
bass, acoustic1935 - 1969

Ray Brown
bass, acoustic1926 - 2002

Charles Mingus
bass, acoustic1922 - 1979
Jones, who also authored the first biography of

Mark Murphy
vocals1932 - 2015
Hendrick's life appears to be a series of serendipitous events, none more so than in 1932, when the family settled for a few years in Toldeo where

Art Tatum
piano1909 - 1956
The pair worked a mobster-run nightclub together while Hendricks was still in school, though being black, they had to enter via the kitchen before hitting the stage. It was by no means the worst form of racism that Hendricks would encounter in his life.
The ear training that Hendricks received singing with Tatumespecially with regard to the harmonic possibilities of a tunewere central to his craft. The author, as a professional singer himself, speaks with some authority when he writes of Hendricks: "Anyone who witnessed him in his pompeyes closed, head back, scat soloing at incredible velocity whilst still hitting the chord changeswas experiencing the influence of Art Tatum."
Incredibly, aged just fourteen, Hendricks would open shows at Toledo's Waiters and Bellmen's Club for acts such as

Louis Armstrong
trumpet and vocals1901 - 1971

Duke Ellington
piano1899 - 1974

Count Basie
piano1904 - 1984
Hendrick's life in the years leading up to WWII are poorly documentedand his recall of dates is sketchyand rather than speculate the author acknowledges these gaps in the singer's story.
There was little chance, however, of Hendricks forgetting his war experience: disembarking at Normandy on D-Day under a hail of German bullets as men fell either side of him; being shot at by racist US Military Police and serving eleven months of a three-year jail sentence for his understandable desertion; falling under the spell of

Charlie Parker
saxophone, alto1920 - 1955

Dizzy Gillespie
trumpet1917 - 1993
After a two-year stint leading a be-bop band in Rochester New York, Hendricks returned to Toldeo. A law degree, and marriage to Colleen Jean Moore, a singer of Irish decent, proved that Hendricks had a keen intellect as well as a brave disregard for the racial intolerance that was prevalent.
It was at Toldeo's Civic Auditorium that Hendricks first saw Charlie Parker. At Collen's behest, Parker invited Hendricks up on stage to scat and was so impressed by the young singer that he told Hendricks to look him in up in New York.
Racism, the author relates, eventually drove Jon and Colleen to try their luck in Canada, but they were denied entrance due to insufficient funds. Had they possessed just a few hundred dollars more, Jon Hendrick's story might have turned out very differently. They headed for New York.
Jones duly covers Hendrick's early collaborations with

Louis Jordan
saxophone, alto1908 - 1975
Hendrick's career gains came at the expense of family, and neglect seems to be a recurring motif throughout much of his life. His marriage to Colleen was over when Hendricks met Judith Dickstein in 1959. This second marriage lasted from 1961 until her death in 2015.
Jones recounts an extraordinary episode when Jon and Judith were separated from their children at a London airport. A "kindly stranger" reunited them and somehow accompanied the Hendricks family to the house of the English singer Donovan, where they were staying. The parents then flew to Germany for a gig, leaving the man to babysit their two children. The not so kindly stranger stole the Hendrick's stash of cash from the house and absconded.
In spite of the false start, Hendricks and his family spent over four years in England, the singer throwing himself with his usual flamboyance into the spirit of swinging '60s London. Eventually, they relocated to California, though the road was really Jon Hendricks' first home. Closer family ties developed when Hendricks children were old enough to sing in his groups, touring together as Hendricks and Company, although Colleen Hendricks, the youngest of Jon's children from his first marriage, died from a suspected drug overdose in 1981.
Given that Hendricks was active into his nineties the guts of the book covers his solo career, the highs and lows of which Jones documents in detail and with a good ear for a striking anecdote, even at the expense of Hendricks, who was notorious for being stingy towards his musicians.
Had Hendricks never recorded another album or sung another note after Lambert, Hendricks and Ross, he would still be revered as one of the greatest jazz singers of all time. But as This Is Bop... relates, Hendrick's achievements were many. Major projects like the Evolution of the Blues stage musical written in 1960, and the lyricization of Miles Davis/

Gil Evans
composer / conductor1912 - 1988
The Miles Ahead project was one that Hendricks had first envisaged half a lifetime before. His dream was finally realized in 2017thanks in no small part to Pete Churchillwhen the London Vocal Project premiered the work in New York before a delighted Hendricks, who had left his hospital bed to attend.
Having recorded a duet with

Jazzmeia Horn
vocals
Wynton Marsalis
trumpetb.1961

Dave Brubeck
piano1920 - 2012

Benny Carter
saxophone, alto1907 - 2003

Kurt Elling
vocalsb.1967

George Duke
piano1946 - 2013
Thoroughly researched on both sides of the Atlantic and featuring interviews with many of Hendrick's close family and colleagues, This Is Bop is an insightful and entertaining portrait of a flawed though much-loved jazz great.
Tags
Comments
PREVIOUS / NEXT
Support All About Jazz
